APPENDIX G
PHYSICAL RESTRAINT POLICY
In accordance with 603 CMR 46.00 and MGL CH 69, Section 1B and CH 71 Section 37G, the following policy for physical restraint is hereby established by the Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District.
This policy governs the use of physical restraint on students in publicly funded elementary and secondary education programs offered by the Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District.
The purpose of this policy is designed to ensure that every student in the Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District is free from the use of physical restraint that is inconsistent with 603 CMR 46.00. Physical restraint shall be used only in emergency situations of last resort, after other lawful and less intrusive alternatives have failed or been deemed inappropriate, and with extreme caution.
AWRSD personnel shall use physical restraint with two goals in mind:
This policy does not limit the protection afforded publicly funded students under other state or federal laws, including those laws that provide for the rights of students who have been found eligible to receive special education services. Nothing in this policy precludes any teacher, employee or agent of a public education program from using reasonable force to protect students, other persons, or themselves from assault or imminent, serious physical harm.
Definitions:
The following terms shall have the following meanings as regards this policy:
Preventing Restraints:
Students, families, and school staff each play a role in preventing restraint and ensuring the safety of our school community. Prevention includes using positive steps taken before a behavioral crisis occurs. The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District implements the following for preventing student violence, self-injurious behavior, and suicide, including individual crisis planning and de-escalation of potentially dangerous behavior occurring among groups of students or with an individual student:
Staff should consider a variety of behavioral interventions that may be effective in preventing, de-escalating the student, and that may be considered alternatives to physical restraint in emergency situations such as:
Please note: Whenever there is a behavior support plan in place for a student, staff should defer to the specific individualized interventions outlined in the behavior plan for that student.
Prevention also involves ensuring that staff has training; appropriate staffing; policies/procedures in place including behavioral support plans; appropriate programming; ability to recognize individuals strengths, weaknesses and triggers.
De-escalation of Potentially Dangerous Behavior: The goal of de-escalation is to reduce the intensity of a volatile or potentially dangerous situation. Guidelines for de-escalating potentially dangerous behavior include but are not limited to:
Crisis Planning and Response:
Methods for Preventing Student Violence, Self-Injurious Behavior, and Suicide:
The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District has Emotional/Mental Health Advisory Teams (EMHAT) established in each building. The EMHAT is a predefined group of staff who are familiar with response guidelines for students in crisis. EMHAT may include: Principal, Assistant Principal, School Psychologist, School Nurse, School Adjustment Counselor, School Counselor, and School Resource Officers and other District staff as appropriate.
Follow-up Response to Threats of Violence Or Suicide: Threats of violence or self-injury, made by a student or group of student(s) should be reported to the school principal and reviewed with the school Emotional/Mental Health Advisory Team (EMHAT), regardless of whether a student's behavior resulted in the use of physical restraint. Based on the situation, the school treatment team may recommend or require that the student(s) undergo a Risk Assessment or a screening. The Student Incident Reporting Form will be completed.
Protocol for Reporting Student Suicidality: When a teacher or staff member becomes aware of any student experiencing at-risk behavior (verbal statements, writing, report from peers, family etc.) or at risk for self-injury/suicide (a student who indicates through actions speech or writings that they may be at risk of harming themself physically) they will report immediately to the school administration and/or school counseling staff.
Protocol for Responding to Student Suicidality: EMHAT will assess level of risk according to pre-established guidelines as outlined in the Ashburnham-Westminster Critical Incident Management Plan. Guidelines include but are not limited to the identified child being directly supervised by a member of the EMHAT throughout the process. If the student requires medical attention, the school nurse will be contacted immediately. Staff should remain calm; remember the student is overwhelmed and confused as well as ambivalent. Don’t minimize the student’s concerns or make light of the threat. Don’t worry about silences; both you and the student need time to think. Don’t promise confidentiality - promise help and privacy.
Family Engagement:
The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District will engage families in discussions about restraint prevention and the use of restraint solely as an emergency procedure. The restraint policy and procedures will be posted on the district’s website. The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District may conduct an annual workshop, open to the entire school community, concerning restraint prevention and the use of restraint solely as an emergency procedure. This workshop may be coordinated with the special education parent advisory council (SEPAC), the parent-teacher organization (PTO), and other relevant community groups.
Any parent/guardian with concerns about the use of physical restraint at any school within the Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District may request a meeting with the building Principal or the Superintendent to discuss such concerns. Any individual who believes that a physical restraint of a student may have been unwarranted or conducted inappropriately may also make use of the Restraint Grievance Procedure.
Training:
This policy outlines appropriate responses to student behavior that may require immediate intervention. These procedures shall be reviewed annually and made available to school staff and parents of enrolled students.
Each building Principal shall be responsible for arranging for the provision of training, as approved by the Massachusetts Department of Education, regarding the school district’s restraint policy. This training will occur within the first month of school or, for new hires, within one month of employment.
Training will include information on the following:
At the beginning of each school year, each building Principal shall also be responsible for identifying staff who are authorized to serve as a school-wide resource to assist in ensuring proper administration of physical restraint. This would include individuals who have received in-depth training in the use of physical restraint. This in-depth training will be at least sixteen (16) hours in length with at least one refresher training occurring annually thereafter.
In-depth training will include information on the following:
Determining When Physical Restraint May Be Used:
Physical restraint shall be considered an emergency procedure of last resort and shall be prohibited in public education programs except when a student's behavior poses a threat of assault, or imminent, serious, physical harm to self or others and the student is not responsive to verbal directives or other lawful and less intrusive behavior interventions, or such interventions are deemed to be inappropriate under the circumstances.
Physical restraint is prohibited: As a means of discipline or punishment, when the student cannot be safely restrained because it is medically contraindicated for reasons including, but not limited to, asthma, seizures, a cardiac condition, obesity, bronchitis, communication-related disabilities, or risk of vomiting, as a response to property destruction, disruption of school order, a student's refusal to comply with a public education program rule or staff directive, or verbal threats when those actions do not constitute a threat of assault, or imminent, serious, physical harm; or as a standard response for any individual student.
No written individual behavior plan or individualized education program (IEP) may include use of physical restraint as a standard response to any behavior.
Physical restraint is an emergency procedure of last resort.
The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District does not allow the use of medical restraint, mechanical restraint and/or seclusion.
Proper Administration of Physical Restraint:
Only school personnel who have received training pursuant to 603 CMR 46.03(2) or 603 CMR 46.03(3) shall administer physical restraint on students. Whenever possible, the administration of a restraint shall be witnessed by at least one adult who does not participate in the restraint. The training requirements contained in 603 CMR 46.00 shall not preclude a teacher, employee or agent of a public education program from using reasonable force to protect students, other persons or themselves from assault or imminent, serious, physical harm.
A person administering physical restraint shall use only the amount of force necessary to protect the student or others from physical injury or harm.
A person administering physical restraint shall use the safest method available and appropriate to the situation subject to the safety requirements set forth in 603 CMR 46.05(5). Floor restraints, including prone restraints otherwise permitted under 603 CMR 46.03(1)(b), shall be prohibited unless the staff members administering the restraint have received in-depth training according to the requirements of 603 CMR 46.04(3) and, in the judgment of the trained staff members, such method is required to provide safety for the student or others present.
A person administering physical restraint shall discontinue such restraint as soon as possible. All physical restraint must be terminated as soon as the student is no longer an immediate danger to himself or others, or the student indicates that he or she cannot breathe, or if the student is observed to be in severe distress, such as having difficulty breathing, or sustained or prolonged crying or coughing.
Additional requirements for the use of physical restraint are as follows:
Reporting Requirements:
Staff shall report the use of any physical restraint as specified in 603 CMR 46.06(2).
The school staff member who administered the restraint shall verbally inform the Building Principal or his/her designee of the restraint immediately, or as soon as possible, upon the conclusion of the restraint and the safe transfer of the student’s supervision to another staff member. In addition, The school staff member who administered the restraint shall provide a written report to the principal for review of the use of the restraint no later than the next school working day.
If the principal has administered the restraint, the principal shall prepare the report and submit it to an individual or team designated by the superintendent for review.
The principal shall maintain an ongoing record of all reported instances of physical restraint, which shall be made available for review by the parent or the Department upon request.
Informing Parents and Guardians. The Building Principal shall attempt to verbally inform the student’s parents or guardians of the use of physical restraint immediately, or as soon as possible within 24 hours, following notification by the school staff member who administered the restraint. The Building Principal shall also notify the parent by written report sent either within three (3) school working days of the restraint to an email address provided by the parent for communications about the student, or by regular mail postmarked no later than three (3) school working days of the restraint. If the school customarily provides a parent or guardian of a student with report cards and other necessary school-related information in a language other than English, the written report shall be provided to the parent or guardian in that language.
The written report will follow the requirements of 603 CMR 46.06(2) and 603 CMR 46.06(3) and shall include:
Individual student review. The principal will conduct a weekly review of restraint data to identify students who have been restrained multiple times during the week. If such students are identified, the principal shall convene one or more review teams as the principal deems appropriate to assess each student's progress and needs. The assessment shall include at least the following:
If the principal directly participated in the restraint, a duly qualified individual designated by the superintendent shall lead the review team's discussion. The principal shall ensure that a record of each individual student review is maintained and made available for review by the Department or the parent, upon request.
Administrative review. The principal will conduct a monthly review of school-wide restraint data. This review shall consider patterns of use of restraints by similarities in the time of day, day of the week, or individuals involved; the number and duration of physical restraints school-wide and for individual students; the duration of restraints; and the number and type of injuries, if any, resulting from the use of restraint. The principal shall determine whether it is necessary or appropriate to modify the school's restraint prevention and management policy, conduct additional staff training on restraint reduction/prevention strategies, such as training on positive behavioral interventions and supports, or take such other action as necessary or appropriate to reduce or eliminate restraints.
Department Reporting. The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District will collect and annually report data to the Department regarding the use of physical restraints. Such data shall be reported in a manner and form directed by the Department.
When a physical restraint has resulted in an injury to a student or AWRSD staff member, AWRSD shall send a copy of the written report required by 603 CMR 46.06(4) to the Department postmarked no later than three (3) school working days of the administration of the restraint. The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District shall also send the Department a copy of the record of physical restraints maintained by the principal pursuant to 603 CMR 46.06(2) for the 30-day period prior to the date of the reported restraint. The Department shall determine if additional action by AWRSD is warranted and, if so, shall notify AWRSD of any required actions within 30 calendar days of receipt of the required written report(s).
Grievance Procedure. The Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District has established an internal procedure in order to provide for prompt and equitable resolutions of complaints regarding the administration of physical restraints.
Definitions:
A "Grievance" is a complaint made pursuant to, and arising out of, the Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District obligations to comply with state regulations regarding the use of physical restraints.
An "Aggrieved Party" is a person or persons making the complaint.
Purpose: The purpose of this grievance procedure is to secure prompt and equitable solutions to grievances which may, from time to time, arise pursuant to 603 CMR 46.00.
General:
No aggrieved party will be subject to coercion, intimidation, interference or discrimination for registering a complaint or for assisting in the investigation of' any alleged complaint within the context of this grievance procedure.
All documents, communications, and records dealing with the filing of a grievance will be kept confidential to the full extent provided by law.
Forms for filing grievances will be provided upon request by building principals or the Superintendent of Schools, Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District, 11 Oakmont Drive, Ashburnham, MA 01430
Procedure:
Copies of all resolutions and findings made under this procedure shall be filed with the Superintendent’s Office of the Ashburnham-Westminster Regional School District.